How to Categorize Piles on the Based of Construction Materials
Piling:
A pile is a slender, structural member installed in the ground to transfer the structural loads to soils at a few significant strengths under the base. Pile foundations commonly support systems that cannot economically sustain shallow foundations.
Workout for pile foundations is deep foundations, and pile foundations commonly support structures that can’t be supported economically on shallow foundations.
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The ideal materials used to construct pile foundations; can be classified into five types.
- Concrete piles
- Steel piles
- Timber piles
- Plastic piles
- Composite piles
Concrete Piles
There are many types of concrete piles that might be commonly used. These consist of forged-in-place concrete piles, precast concrete piles, drilled shafts, and barrette piles.
Cast-in-place concrete piles are formed by using a cylindrical steel shell into the floor to the favored depth and then filling the hollow space of the shell with fluid concrete. They are known as displacement piles.
The metal shell is for construction comfort and does not contribute to the load transfer capability of the pile. Its cause is to open a hollow in the ground and preserve it open to facilitate the development of the concrete pile.
When the operational load is only compressive, plain concrete comes into use. If moments and lateral hundreds are to be moved, a steel reinforcement cage is used in the higher part of the pile.
Precast concrete piles commonly have square, circular, or octagonal move sections and are made up in a construction yard or manufacturing unit from reinforced or prestressed concrete. They are favored whilst the pile duration is understood prior.
The disadvantages of precast piles include moving long piles, slicing, and lengthening. The Raymond cylindrical prestressed pile is a common type of precast concrete pile. This pile is available in sections, and lengths up to 70 m can be received via stacking the units.
Typical layout loads are more than 2 MN.
Micropiles (additionally known as mini piles, pin piles, needle piles, or root piles) are small-diameter (50 mm to 340 mm) pipe piles (pushed or driven) or grouted (jet or put up or pressure) piles.
They are specifically helpful for
- Sites with low headroom,
- Congested areas,
- Sites with restricted get admission to, and
- Foundation repair or strengthening.
Steel Piles
Steel piles are available in various styles and sizes, including cylindrical, tapered, and H-piles. They are generally pushed with open ends into the soil. Steel H-piles are rolled metal sections, and they are non-displacement piles. Steel pipe piles are seamless pipes that can be welded to yield lengths up to 70 m. A conical tip is used wherein the piles should penetrate boulders and rocks. The soil plug is excavated and changed by using concrete to develop the burden potential of metal pipe piles.
These piles are called concrete-stuffed metal piles. The soil plug may also adhere to the pile floor and move down with it for the duration of use. This is referred to as plugging.
Timber Piles
Timber piles have been used because of essential times. The measurements of wood piles rely upon the varieties of timber used to reap the piles; however, standard lengths are approximately 12 m.
longer distances may be obtained by splicing several piles. Timber piles are at risk of termites, marine organisms, and rot in zones uncovered to seasonal adjustments. Timber piles are displacement piles.
Plastic Piles
Plastic piles comprise many composite materials, which include polymer composites, PVC, and recycled materials. These piles are used in unique packages, including marine environments and soil zones uncovered to seasonal adjustments.
Composites
Concrete, metal, and wood can shape a composite pile. For example, the portion of a wooden pile above groundwater level that is likely to suffer from decay because of termites or rot can be changed by concrete. Similarly, the part of a metal pile in a corrosive environment may be included with concrete or other protected materials.
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